Electric Unicycle Laws by State (2026): All 50 States and DC
Affiliate disclosure: product links on this page go to Amazon, or to the maker's own store for brands that sell only direct. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases, at no extra cost to you; a link to a maker's store earns us nothing. No retailer or brand sees our picks before they are published or has any say in them. How we choose.
Seven U.S. jurisdictions have a vehicle category that fits a one-wheel electric unicycle: Washington, Arizona, Utah, New Hampshire, Montana, Virginia and the District of Columbia. Utah is the only state that names "electric unicycles" in its code. Florida, Oregon and California have broad categories that might cover one. In the other 41 states, no category we read fits, because their self-balancing device laws were written for Segway-type machines with two wheels side by side. That leaves where you may ride an EUC unclear under state law, and cities fill the gap with their own rules.
Several of the seven also set a speed or weight limit that most current wheels exceed. The table below gives every state's rule and statute; search for yours or filter by status.
Electric unicycle laws, all 50 states and DC
7
Covered by state law (some with speed or weight limits)
3
A broad category might cover EUCs
41
No category fits a one-wheel device
42
Self-balancing device laws written for two wheels
Showing 51 of 51 states and DC
- AlabamaALNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two non-tandem wheels, 750 W, under 20 mph
- Statute
- Code of Ala. 32-1-1.1(17)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: Code of Ala. 32-1-1.1(17)
- AlaskaAKNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Called an electric personal motor vehicle: self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- AS 28.90.990(a)(14)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: AS 28.90.990(a)(14)
- ArizonaAZState law covers EUCsElectric personal assistive mobility device
Self-balancing, one wheel or two side by side, speed limited to 15 mph or less, one rider.
- Where and how you may ride
- Rider has the rights and duties of a pedestrian (ARS 28-908); no one under 16 may ride (ARS 28-911). A wheel that can go faster than 15 mph is outside the definition.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- One wheel or two side by side, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- ARS 28-101(31)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: ARS 28-101(31); ARS 28-908; ARS 28-911
- ArkansasARNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. We found no Arkansas statute defining a self-balancing device. Its motorized bicycle is a bicycle with a motor of 50 cc or less. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- No self-balancing device law found
- Statute
- Ark. Code 27-20-101
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: Ark. Code 27-20-101
- CaliforniaCAPossibly coveredElectrically motorized board
A wheeled device with a floorboard designed to be stood on, average power under 1,000 W, top speed up to 20 mph.
- Where and how you may ride
- Unclear: the code does not say whether an EUC's foot pedals count as a floorboard.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two wheels side by side (Vehicle Code 313); the motorized scooter needs handlebars (407.5)
- Statute
- Vehicle Code 313.5
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: Vehicle Code 313.5
- ColoradoCONo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Colorado's electric scooter must have handlebars. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two wheels side by side, average power up to 750 W
- Statute
- C.R.S. 42-1-102(28.7)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: C.R.S. 42-1-102(28.7)
- ConnecticutCTNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- Conn. Gen. Stat. 14-289h
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: Conn. Gen. Stat. 14-289h
- DelawareDENo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- 21 Del. C. 101(20)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: 21 Del. C. 101(20)
- District of ColumbiaDCState law covers EUCsElectric mobility device (under 75 lb) or personal mobility device (75 lb or more)
Electric mobility device: under 75 lb, electric motor, one rider standing or seated, no wider than 24 in and no longer than 55 in. Personal mobility device: a motorized one-person device weighing 75 lb or more.
- Where and how you may ride
- A personal mobility device must be registered, may not be ridden by anyone under 16, is limited to 10 mph and may not use sidewalks in the Central Business District (D.C. Code 50-2201.04a). Lighter wheels fall in the electric mobility device class that also covers stand-up e-scooters.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Personal mobility device: 75 lb or more, or self-balancing on two wheels side by side
- Statute
- D.C. Code 50-2201.02(6A), (13)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: D.C. Code 50-2201.02(6A), (13); D.C. Code 50-2201.04a
- FloridaFLPossibly coveredMotorized scooter or micromobility device
Motorized scooter: powered by a motor, not more than three wheels, not capable of more than 20 mph. Micromobility device: individual use, typically under 15 mph and no faster than 28 mph.
- Where and how you may ride
- Riders have the rights and duties of bicycle riders and need no registration, insurance or license; local governments may regulate streets and sidewalks (F.S. 316.2128). On its face a wheel limited to 20 mph could fit.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Two wheels side by side
- Statute
- F.S. 316.003
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: F.S. 316.003; F.S. 316.2128
- GeorgiaGANo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, 750 W, under 20 mph
- Statute
- O.C.G.A. 40-1-1(15.4)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: O.C.G.A. 40-1-1(15.4)
- HawaiiHINo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two wheels side by side, up to 12.5 mph
- Statute
- HRS 291C-1
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: HRS 291C-1
- IdahoIDNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- Idaho Code 49-106(2)
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: Idaho Code 49-106(2)
- IllinoisILNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. House Bill 4742 (2026) would add "electric unicycles" to this definition by name. It was re-referred to the House Rules Committee on March 27, 2026, and has not passed. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two non-tandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- 625 ILCS 5/1-117.7
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: 625 ILCS 5/1-117.7; HB 4742 status
- IndianaINNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, 750 W, under 20 mph
- Statute
- IC 9-13-2-49.3
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: IC 9-13-2-49.3
- IowaIANo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two wheels side by side, 750 W, under 20 mph
- Statute
- Iowa Code 321.1(20B)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: Iowa Code 321.1(20B)
- KansasKSNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- K.S.A. 8-1491
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: K.S.A. 8-1491
- KentuckyKYNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- No self-balancing device law: the 2012 bill to define one died in committee
- Statute
- 2012 House Bill 169 (not enacted)
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
- LouisianaLANo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two non-tandem wheels, up to 20 mph
- Statute
- La. R.S. 32:300.2(B)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: La. R.S. 32:300.2(B)
- MaineMENo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- 29-A M.R.S. 101(22-A)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: 29-A M.R.S. 101(22-A)
- MarylandMDNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- A pedestrian device with two nontandem wheels, self-balancing, 15 mph
- Statute
- Md. Transp. 21-101(j)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: Md. Transp. 21-101(j)
- MassachusettsMANo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Massachusetts' motorized scooter must have two tandem wheels or three wheels, and handlebars. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- No self-balancing device definition in the General Laws
- Statute
- M.G.L. c. 90, 1
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: M.G.L. c. 90, 1
- MichiganMINo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, 750 W, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- MCL 257.13c
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: MCL 257.13c
- MinnesotaMNNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- Minn. Stat. 169.011, subd. 26
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: Minn. Stat. 169.011, subd. 26
- MississippiMSNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, "two-tandem wheeled" as written, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- Miss. Code 63-3-103(h)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: Miss. Code 63-3-103(h)
- MissouriMONo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, 750 W, under 20 mph
- Statute
- RSMo 307.205
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: RSMo 307.205
- MontanaMTState law covers EUCsMotorized scooter
A vehicle without a seat, powered by muscle or a motor, whose power source cannot propel it faster than 30 mph.
- Where and how you may ride
- Under power, a motorized scooter may use the highway, a bike lane or the shoulder, but not a sidewalk or bike path (MCA 61-8-608); riders under 18 must wear a helmet (61-9-417). Montana added the category in 2025 (House Bill 588).
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 12.5 mph
- Statute
- MCA 61-1-101(46)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
- Note
- The Montana Free Press reported that the 2025 bill's sponsor carried it after seeing a boy riding a one-wheeled device.
Source: MCA 61-1-101(46); Montana Free Press, July 29, 2025; MCA 61-8-608
- NebraskaNENo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, 750 W, under 20 mph
- Statute
- Neb. Rev. Stat. 60-618.02
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: Neb. Rev. Stat. 60-618.02
- NevadaNVNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- NRS 482.029
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: NRS 482.029
- New HampshireNHState law covers EUCsElectric personal assistive mobility device
A self-propelled device, regardless of the number of wheels, for one person, electric only, maximum speed under 20 mph.
- Where and how you may ride
- Not a vehicle (RSA 269:2). Riders have the rights and duties of pedestrians, keep right when slower than traffic, and must yield to people on foot on sidewalks and roads (269:4, 269:5); reflectors, a way to stop and a front light at night are required (269:3). New Hampshire dropped the two-wheel wording in 2018.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Any number of wheels, under 20 mph
- Statute
- RSA 269:1
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: RSA 269:1
- New JerseyNJNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two non-tandem wheels, 750 W, under 20 mph
- Statute
- N.J.S.A. 39:4-14.10(a)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: N.J.S.A. 39:4-14.10(a)
- New MexicoNMNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. New Mexico's electric mobility device is a two- or three-wheel vehicle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, under 20 mph
- Statute
- NMSA 66-1-4.5(C)
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: NMSA 66-1-4.5(C)
- New YorkNYNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Two wheels side by side; the e-scooter needs handlebars
- Statute
- N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law 114-d, 114-e
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
- North CarolinaNCNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- G.S. 20-4.01(7b)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: G.S. 20-4.01(7b)
- North DakotaNDNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. North Dakota's motorized bicycle needs two or three wheels. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- No self-balancing device definition
- Statute
- N.D.C.C. 39-01-01
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: N.D.C.C. 39-01-01
- OhioOHNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two non-tandem wheels, 750 W, under 20 mph
- Statute
- R.C. 4501.01(TT)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: R.C. 4501.01(TT)
- OklahomaOKNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels
- Statute
- 47 O.S. 1-114A
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: 47 O.S. 1-114A
- OregonORPossibly coveredMotor assisted scooter
Not more than four wheels, a foot support or seat, top speed up to 24 mph, electric output up to 1,000 W.
- Where and how you may ride
- Unclear: the text could cover a small, slow wheel, and it does not say whether rated or peak power counts.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two wheels side by side, 15 mph (ORS 801.259)
- Statute
- ORS 801.348
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: ORS 801.348
- PennsylvaniaPANo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels
- Statute
- 75 Pa.C.S. 102
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: 75 Pa.C.S. 102
- Rhode IslandRINo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two non-tandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- R.I. Gen. Laws 31-1-3(h)
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: R.I. Gen. Laws 31-1-3(h)
- South CarolinaSCNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, 750 W, under 20 mph
- Statute
- S.C. Code 56-5-3310(A)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: S.C. Code 56-5-3310(A)
- South DakotaSDNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two non-tandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- SDCL 32-26-21.2
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: SDCL 32-26-21.2
- TennesseeTNNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, 750 W, under 20 mph
- Statute
- Tenn. Code 55-53-101
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: Tenn. Code 55-53-101
- TexasTXNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Two wheels side by side; the motor-assisted scooter needs at least two wheels
- Statute
- Transp. Code ch. 551
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: Transp. Code ch. 551
- UtahUTState law covers EUCsElectric unicycle
Self-balancing, a single wheel, gyro-stabilized, rider facing the direction of travel.
- Where and how you may ride
- Ridden under the rules for bicycles, with no driver license; not where bicycles are banned, not modified beyond the maker's design, and not faster than 28 mph (41-6a-1121, 2025). Since May 6, 2026, any electric device capable of more than 20 mph on motor power is also a "high power electric device" (House Bill 381): motorcycle rules, no riders under 16 on a highway, helmets under 21 on a highway, no freeways, and a driver license from May 5, 2027. The bill did not amend the electric unicycle section, so how the two fit together for a fast wheel is not settled by the text.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Two nontandem wheels, a deck, 12.5 mph
- Statute
- Utah Code 41-6a-102(24), 41-6a-1121
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: Utah Code 41-6a-102(24), 41-6a-1121; Utah Code 41-6a-1121; 2026 House Bill 381
- VermontVTNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, 750 W
- Statute
- 23 V.S.A. 4(66)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: 23 V.S.A. 4(66)
- VirginiaVAState law covers EUCsMotorized skateboard or scooter
Any number of wheels, rider sits or stands, no VIN, electric motor, under 100 lb, top speed no more than 20 mph.
- Where and how you may ride
- No riding faster than 20 mph, even on a wheel capable of more; riders under 14 need an adult's direct supervision; no Interstates (46.2-908.1). Localities may ban riding on marked sidewalks, and riders must yield to pedestrians and signal before passing (46.2-904).
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- Va. Code 46.2-100
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
- Note
- A wheel capable of more than 20 mph does not meet the definition, though the speed rule still applies to it.
Source: Va. Code 46.2-100; Va. Code 46.2-908.1; Va. Code 46.2-904
- WashingtonWAState law covers EUCsElectric personal assistive mobility device
Self-balancing, one wheel, one rider, average power up to 2,000 W, top speed under 20 mph.
- Where and how you may ride
- Riders obey speed limits, yield to pedestrians, signal before passing, and otherwise have a pedestrian's rights and duties; cities and the state may ban them on roads posted above 25 mph and regulate them on trails and in parks (RCW 46.61.710). Washington added the one-wheel branch in 2015.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- One wheel (2,000 W) or two side by side
- Statute
- RCW 46.04.1695
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: RCW 46.04.1695; RCW 46.61.710
- West VirginiaWVNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, 750 W, under 20 mph
- Statute
- W. Va. Code 17C-1-66
- What we read
- The self-balancing device section and the sections linked here
Source: W. Va. Code 17C-1-66
- WisconsinWINo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Wisconsin's electric scooter must have handlebars. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- Self-balancing, two nontandem wheels, up to 15 mph
- Statute
- Wis. Stat. 340.01(15pm)
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: Wis. Stat. 340.01(15pm)
- WyomingWYNo category fits
No state vehicle category we read fits a one-wheel electric unicycle. Wyoming's motorized skateboard needs at least two wheels. Where a wheel may be ridden is left unclear by state law, and city rules may apply.
- Self-balancing device (EPAMD) definition
- No self-balancing device definition
- Statute
- W.S. 31-5-102
- What we read
- The state's full list of vehicle definitions
Source: W.S. 31-5-102
The seven that cover electric unicycles
| Jurisdiction | Category | Limit in the definition |
|---|---|---|
| Washington | Electric personal assistive mobility device (one-wheel branch, 2015) | Under 20 mph, average power up to 2,000 W |
| Arizona | Electric personal assistive mobility device | Speed limited to 15 mph or less |
| Utah | Electric unicycle (named) | No speed in the definition; riding over 28 mph is banned |
| New Hampshire | Electric personal assistive mobility device, "regardless of the number of wheels" (2018) | Under 20 mph |
| Montana | Motorized scooter (2025) | No seat; cannot exceed 30 mph |
| Virginia | Motorized skateboard or scooter, "regardless of the number of its wheels" | Under 100 lb, no more than 20 mph |
| District of Columbia | Electric mobility device or personal mobility device, by weight | Under 75 lb or 75 lb and over |
Speed and weight limits most wheels exceed
A definition with a speed cap only covers wheels that cannot go faster. Our electric unicycle spec database lists 32 current models; 27 have a top speed published by the maker or seller. Only three are rated at 20 mph or less (InMotion's E20 and V6 and King Song's 14D Pro), and only the E20 is under 15 mph. Seven are rated at 30 mph or less. So in practice:
- Washington, New Hampshire and Virginia cover only the slowest wheels; a faster wheel falls outside the definition. Virginia also bans riding any motorized skateboard or scooter faster than 20 mph, even one capable of more.
- Arizona covers wheels limited to 15 mph.
- Montana covers wheels that cannot exceed 30 mph. Under power, they may use roads, bike lanes and shoulders but not sidewalks or bike paths.
- Utah covers every electric unicycle and treats it like a bicycle, with a 28 mph riding cap. Since May 6, 2026, any electric device capable of more than 20 mph is also a "high power electric device" under House Bill 381, with motorcycle rules, a helmet for riders under 21 on a highway and, from May 5, 2027, a driver license. The bill did not amend the electric unicycle section, so the text does not say which rules govern a fast wheel.
- The District of Columbia sorts by weight. Of the 25 current models with a published weight, 12 weigh 75 pounds or more, which makes them personal mobility devices: registration, riders 16 and over, a 10 mph limit and no sidewalks in the Central Business District.
Why most states leave EUCs out
Most states wrote their self-balancing device laws for the Segway, most of them between 2001 and 2003, defining an "electric personal assistive mobility device" as self-balancing on two wheels side by side. Of the 51 jurisdictions, 42 still use a two-wheel definition. Newer e-scooter laws usually require handlebars, and e-bike laws require pedals. An electric unicycle has one wheel, no handlebars and no pedals, so it falls between them. Only Washington and Arizona wrote one wheel into their self-balancing device law, and only New Hampshire dropped the wheel count.
That may change. Illinois House Bill 4742, introduced in February 2026, would add "electric unicycles" to the state's definition by name; it was sent back to the House Rules Committee on March 27, 2026. According to the Montana Free Press, the sponsor of Montana's 2025 motorized scooter law carried the bill after seeing a boy riding a one-wheeled device.
How to read the table
For each state we read the self-balancing device statute. Where a state publishes its vehicle definitions as one list, we searched all of them for any category written for one wheel or any number of wheels; the table says which was done. "No category fits" means none of the categories we read fits a one-wheel device, not that riding one is banned: when the law does not say, police and cities decide, and some codes treat any powered device as a motor vehicle. For seven of the states, our earlier guide are electric unicycles street legal? walks through the statute text in more detail.
Whatever your state's law says, ride with a helmet and wrist guards; see our protective gear guide.
Data and updates
Statutes were read on October 12, 2026, from state legislature websites and the FindLaw, Justia and Public.Law mirrors. We will update the table as states change their laws. This is a summary of what the statutes say, not legal advice; city ordinances and park rules can be stricter.
Frequently asked questions
Which states allow electric unicycles?
Seven jurisdictions have a vehicle category that fits one: Washington, Arizona, Utah, New Hampshire, Montana, Virginia and the District of Columbia. Several only cover slower wheels: Arizona caps the definition at 15 mph, Washington and New Hampshire at under 20 mph, Virginia at 20 mph, and Montana at 30 mph. Florida, Oregon and California have broad categories that might fit.
Are electric unicycles illegal in states without a law?
Not necessarily. In 41 states no defined vehicle category fits a one-wheel device, which leaves its status unclear rather than banned. Cities and police decide in practice, and some state codes treat any powered vehicle as a motor vehicle, so check your city's rules before riding on a public road or sidewalk.
Can you ride an electric unicycle on the sidewalk?
It depends on the state and city. New Hampshire and Arizona give riders a pedestrian's rights and duties, and Washington does the same while letting cities restrict them. Montana bans powered riding on sidewalks and bike paths. Virginia lets localities ban sidewalk riding, and the District of Columbia bans heavier wheels from sidewalks in its Central Business District.
Do you need a license to ride an electric unicycle?
Utah's electric unicycle section says no driver license is needed, but from May 5, 2027 Utah will require a driver license for any high power electric device, meaning one capable of more than 20 mph. The District of Columbia requires registration for wheels weighing 75 pounds or more. We found no license rule in the other covered states' categories.
Which state names electric unicycles in its law?
Utah. Its vehicle code defines an electric unicycle as a self-balancing device with a single wheel, gyro-stabilized, with the rider facing forward, and Utah Code 41-6a-1121 lets it be ridden under the rules for bicycles, up to 28 mph. An Illinois bill to add electric unicycles to its definition stalled in committee in March 2026.
Sources
- RCW 46.04.1695: Electric personal assistive mobility device, Washington State Legislature
- ARS 28-101: Definitions, Arizona State Legislature
- Utah Code 41-6a-1121: Electric unicycles, Utah State Legislature
- H.B. 381 Electric Mobility Device Amendments (2026, enrolled), Utah State Legislature
- RSA Chapter 269: Electric personal assistive mobility devices, New Hampshire General Court
- MCA 61-1-101: Definitions, Montana Legislature
- Va. Code 46.2-100: Definitions, Virginia General Assembly
- D.C. Code 50-2201.02: Definitions, Council of the District of Columbia
- HB 4742 bill status (104th General Assembly), Illinois General Assembly
- New Montana law aims to regulate use of electric scooters, similar devices, Montana Free Press
Cover photo: Bicycle lane by rawpixel.com, CC0 1.0, via rawpixel. Cropped.
Related guides
Are Electric Unicycles Street Legal? What State Laws Say (2026)
Mostly, the law does not say. Washington and Arizona define one-wheel devices; five other states we read leave EUCs between categories.
Electric Unicycle Battery Safety: UL 2272, Charging and Storage
UL 2272 certifies a wheel's electrical system against fire and shock, not how it rides. How to check it, and the charging rules the FDNY and makers agree on.
Electric Unicycle Cutouts and Tiltback Explained
Tiltback is a warning; a cutout is the wheel running out of headroom. What each alarm means, from the makers' own manuals, and how to keep a margin.